Alexandrias

Some cities founded or renamed by Alexander, or renamed soon after his death:

Alexandria Cebrene, a name for Cebrene, an ancient city in the Troad in northwest Anatolia. Has also been called Antiochia in Troad.

Alexandria Troas, on the north Aegean coast of Anatolia, in the modern province of Çanakkale.

Alexandria on the Latmos, referring to the Latmos mountain ridge, may have been a name for the ancient Alinda, in Caria in Anatolia.

Alexandria, Egypt. It had previously been a small town, Rhakotis.

Iskandariya, Iraq. On the Euphrates, about 25 miles south of Baghdad (which is on the Tigris).

Alexandria Asiana, Iran (where?)

Alexandria in Ariana, Afghanistan. Modern Herat. Ariana was the name of a satrapy of the Achaemenid Empire.

Alexandria in Arachosia, Afghanistan. Now Kandahar/Qandahar (a contraction of Iskandahar). Ancient Arachosia corresponds to south-eastern Afghanistan, as well as parts of Pakistan and India. The Helmand River runs through it, towards Iran, and provides the most fertile lands in southern Afghanistan. Kandahar is the largest city. Arachosia was directly to the south of Bactria, but separated from it by the Hindu Kush. It was bound on the south by Gedrosia (now Baluchistan), on the west by Drangiana (now Seistan) and on the east by the Indus river. An ancient Indo-Iranic tribe inhabiting northwest Arachosia, the Pactyans (or Pakthas of the Rig Veda), were probably the ancestors of the modern Pathans or Pakhtuns.

Alexandria of the Caucasus, Afghanistan, in the Hindu Kush. Modern Begrám in Parwan province: see last post. In the country known to the Greeks as the Paropanisadae.

Alexandria on the Oxus, Afghanistan. Modern Ai-Khanoum in Kunduz province.

Alexandria Eschate, “the Farthest”, Tajikistan. Modern Khujand. In the southwestern part of the Fergana Valley, on the southern bank of the Jaxartes.

Alexandria Bucephalous, Punjab, Pakistan, on the Jhelum River, which was known to the Greeks as the Hydaspes. Named after Alexander’s horse Bucephalus, who died there after the Battle of the Hydaspes in 326 BC. Nearby was another Alexandrian foundation, Nicea.

Alexandria on the Indus, Pakistan. Modern Uch. At the junction of the Indus and Acesines (modern Chenab) rivers.

Here is another map (from www.afghanforums.com), which refers to places mentioned in this post and in others since June 26. Punjab means Five Rivers, and you can clearly see the five tributaries and sub-tributaries of the Indus; from west to east: Jhelum (Hydaspes), Chenab (Acesines), Ravi (Hydraotes), Beas (Hyphasis) and Sutlej (Hesidros). The Beas, the shortest, is a tributary of the Sutlej.